September 2021 - Materia-seminarios

Recordatorio de seminario: Modeling brain reorganization after hemispherectomy.
by Daniel Manzano 15 Sep '21

15 Sep '21

El Grupo de Física Estadística y de los Sistemas Complejos les invita a asistir al siguiente seminario. Se realizará de manera presencial (por orden de llegada hasta cubrir el aforo) y simultáneamente por la plataforma Meet. Fecha y hora: Jueves 16 Septiembre, 12.00 h Ponente: LUIS SEOANE (CNB-SCSIC) Título: Modeling brain reorganization after hemispherectomy. Abstract: Hemispherectomy is a last-resource treatment for some neurological disorders. This radical intervention allows some patients to live normally, with better odds the earlier in life it happens. Somehow, the remaining hemisphere takes on the outstanding computational burden. Brain plasticity at smaller scales shows how functionality is adopted by adjacent tissue. In models of brain rewiring after stroke, circuits accepting new workload are close and similar to the damaged ones. Hemispherectomy demands more drastic changes, mixing far and functionally diverse regions. We lack mathematical models of this. We introduce a simple model of brain reorganization after hemispherectomy based on Self-Organized Maps (SOMs). We show how emerging representations in SOMs constrain brain reorganization after simulated hemispherectomy, resulting in some forbidden and some other favored rearrangement pathways, each with distinct symmetries and properties. We discuss what the enabled paths imply for the recovery of topographic maps and language functionality after hemispherectomy. We find how too much symmetry can be detrimental for the proper formation of representation systems. We also obtain results regarding the existence of window periods – a critical age after which hemispherectomy causes irreversible function loss. These findings illuminate various (hitherto unexplained) clinical facts about window periods for language recovery. Our model offers a powerful thinking tool and suggests simple guiding principles for large-scale brain plasticity – notably, that the geometry of emerging representations turns into topological constraints for large-scale brain rearrangement. This offers insights about why such an aggressive intervention results in highly functional brains nevertheless, and suggests specific treatments for simulated, pathological disorders observed in our SOM models. Lugar: Aula de Física Computacional. Departamento de Física de la Materia. Planta baja del edificio de Física. Facultad de Ciencias. Link: https://meet.google.com/drx-hnze-fpo <https://meet.google.com/drx-hnze-fpo> Atentamente, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Daniel Manzano Electromagnetism and Condensed Matter Department Institute “Carlos I” for Theoretical and Computational Physics University of Granada Facultad de Ciencias, Av. Fuentenueva s/n Granada 18071, Spain Phone: +34 958241000 Ext: 20569 http://ic1.ugr.es/manzano/ <http://ic1.ugr.es/manzano/>

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Seminario: Modeling brain reorganization after hemispherectomy.
by Daniel Manzano 13 Sep '21

13 Sep '21

El Grupo de Física Estadística y de los Sistemas Complejos les invita a asistir al siguiente seminario. Se realizará de manera presencial (por orden de llegada hasta cubrir el aforo) y simultáneamente por la plataforma Meet. Fecha y hora: Jueves 16 Septiembre, 12.00 h Ponente: LUIS SEOANE (CNB-SCSIC) Título: Modeling brain reorganization after hemispherectomy. Abstract: Hemispherectomy is a last-resource treatment for some neurological disorders. This radical intervention allows some patients to live normally, with better odds the earlier in life it happens. Somehow, the remaining hemisphere takes on the outstanding computational burden. Brain plasticity at smaller scales shows how functionality is adopted by adjacent tissue. In models of brain rewiring after stroke, circuits accepting new workload are close and similar to the damaged ones. Hemispherectomy demands more drastic changes, mixing far and functionally diverse regions. We lack mathematical models of this. We introduce a simple model of brain reorganization after hemispherectomy based on Self-Organized Maps (SOMs). We show how emerging representations in SOMs constrain brain reorganization after simulated hemispherectomy, resulting in some forbidden and some other favored rearrangement pathways, each with distinct symmetries and properties. We discuss what the enabled paths imply for the recovery of topographic maps and language functionality after hemispherectomy. We find how too much symmetry can be detrimental for the proper formation of representation systems. We also obtain results regarding the existence of window periods – a critical age after which hemispherectomy causes irreversible function loss. These findings illuminate various (hitherto unexplained) clinical facts about window periods for language recovery. Our model offers a powerful thinking tool and suggests simple guiding principles for large-scale brain plasticity – notably, that the geometry of emerging representations turns into topological constraints for large-scale brain rearrangement. This offers insights about why such an aggressive intervention results in highly functional brains nevertheless, and suggests specific treatments for simulated, pathological disorders observed in our SOM models. Lugar: Aula de Física Computacional. Departamento de Física de la Materia. Planta baja del edificio de Física. Facultad de Ciencias. Link: https://meet.google.com/drx-hnze-fpo Atentamente, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Daniel Manzano Electromagnetism and Condensed Matter Department Institute “Carlos I” for Theoretical and Computational Physics University of Granada Facultad de Ciencias, Av. Fuentenueva s/n Granada 18071, Spain Phone: +34 958241000 Ext: 20569 http://ic1.ugr.es/manzano/

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Conference: Modeling brain reorganization after hemispherectomy.
by Daniel Manzano 13 Sep '21

13 Sep '21

El Grupo de Física Estadística y de los Sistemas Complejos les invita a asistir al siguiente seminario. Se realizará de manera presencial (por orden de llegada hasta cubrir el aforo) y simultáneamente por la plataforma Meet. Fecha y hora: Jueves 16 Septiembre, 12.00 h Ponente: LUIS SEOANE (CNB-SCSIC) Título: Modeling brain reorganization after hemispherectomy. Abstract: Hemispherectomy is a last-resource treatment for some neurological disorders. This radical intervention allows some patients to live normally, with better odds the earlier in life it happens. Somehow, the remaining hemisphere takes on the outstanding computational burden. Brain plasticity at smaller scales shows how functionality is adopted by adjacent tissue. In models of brain rewiring after stroke, circuits accepting new workload are close and similar to the damaged ones. Hemispherectomy demands more drastic changes, mixing far and functionally diverse regions. We lack mathematical models of this. We introduce a simple model of brain reorganization after hemispherectomy based on Self-Organized Maps (SOMs). We show how emerging representations in SOMs constrain brain reorganization after simulated hemispherectomy, resulting in some forbidden and some other favored rearrangement pathways, each with distinct symmetries and properties. We discuss what the enabled paths imply for the recovery of topographic maps and language functionality after hemispherectomy. We find how too much symmetry can be detrimental for the proper formation of representation systems. We also obtain results regarding the existence of window periods – a critical age after which hemispherectomy causes irreversible function loss. These findings illuminate various (hitherto unexplained) clinical facts about window periods for language recovery. Our model offers a powerful thinking tool and suggests simple guiding principles for large-scale brain plasticity – notably, that the geometry of emerging representations turns into topological constraints for large-scale brain rearrangement. This offers insights about why such an aggressive intervention results in highly functional brains nevertheless, and suggests specific treatments for simulated, pathological disorders observed in our SOM models. Link: https://meet.google.com/drx-hnze-fpo <https://meet.google.com/drx-hnze-fpo> Atentamente, --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Daniel Manzano Electromagnetism and Condensed Matter Department Institute “Carlos I” for Theoretical and Computational Physics University of Granada Facultad de Ciencias, Av. Fuentenueva s/n Granada 18071, Spain Phone: +34 958241000 Ext: 20569 http://ic1.ugr.es/manzano/ <http://ic1.ugr.es/manzano/>

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Fwd: Invitación seminario Ana Valdivia: ¿Está la inteligencia artificial vulnerando los derechos LGTBIQ+?
by Daniel Manzano 03 Sep '21

03 Sep '21

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Daniel Manzano Electromagnetism and Condensed Matter Department Institute “Carlos I” for Theoretical and Computational Physics University of Granada Facultad de Ciencias, Av. Fuentenueva s/n Granada 18071, Spain Phone: +34 958241000 Ext: 20569 http://ic1.ugr.es/manzano/ <http://ic1.ugr.es/manzano/> > Begin forwarded message: > > From: Juani Bermejo Vega <jbermejovega(a)go.ugr.es> > Subject: Invitación seminario Ana Valdivia: ¿Está la inteligencia artificial vulnerando los derechos LGTBIQ+? > Date: 1. September 2021 at 19:16:19 CEST > To: materia(a)onsager.ugr.es, Daniel Manzano <manzano(a)onsager.ugr.es> > > Estimades compañeres, > > Os deseamos un buen retorno a la Universidad y os invitamos al siguiente seminario (semipresencial), que organizamos Dani y yo con una colaboradora que nos visita de King´s College. Ruego que me escribáis si deseáis asistir en persona ya que el aforo presencial estará limitado (aún no sabemos cuántas plazas habrá). > > ¿Está la inteligencia artificial vulnerando los derechos LGTBIQ+? > Hacia una mirada interseccional, decolonial y feminista de los algoritmos > > Ponente: Ana Valdivia, King’s College London. > Modera: Jara Juana Bermejo-Vega, Universidad de Granada > Cuándo: 6 de septiembre · 12:00 –13:00, UTC+02:00 > > ¿Cómo asistir?: > Online: https://meet.google.com/nmy-uace-mgh <https://meet.google.com/nmy-uace-mgh> > Presencialmente (con registro): Aula F1, Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad de Granada > > Registro: por email a jbermejovega(a)go.ugr.es <mailto:jbermejovega@go.ugr.es> > > Abstract: En la última década, el avance de la inteligencia artificial (IA) y su uso por parte de élites económicas y gubernamentales ha presentado diferentes conflictos éticos vulnerando los derechos humanos de colectivos históricamente oprimidos, como el LGTBIQ+. Desde algoritmos que clasifican incorrectamente cuerpos trans en escáners de seguridad hasta sistemas de reconocimiento facial diseñado para clasificar nuestra orientación sexual muestran la falta de una mirada feminista y el exceso de tecno-solucionismo dentro de los equipos que diseñan y contratan estas tecnologías. > En esta ponencia, analizaremos la historia y epistemología de sistemas socio-técnicos que impactan directamente en las vidas no normativas. Exploraremos diferentes proyectos basados en inteligencia artificial y evaluaremos sus riesgos y limitaciones desde una mirada interseccional, decolonial y feminista. Por último, propondremos qué modelos de transparencia y rendición de cuentas podemos aplicar para litigar algoritmos que vulneren nuestros derechos. > > Bio: Ana Valdivia es investigadora asociada en el Departamento de War Studies del King's College London, dónde investiga el uso de la inteligencia artificial en procesos migratorios. Es doctora en Machine Learning por la Universidad de Granada. Su investigación ha explorado el uso de algoritmos para el análisis de textos, y más recientemente el diseño de sistemas socio-técnicos que sean éticos, transparentes y justos. Preocupada por el impacto que la inteligencia artificial puede tener en comunidades vulnerables, su interés radica en investigar cómo los actores gubernamentales la están implementando desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar, colaborando con investigadoras de otras disciplinas dentro de las ciencias sociales y la filosofía. Ana también forma parte del colectivo Algorights, una comunidad creada para alertar sobre el riesgo de la inteligencia artificial. > > Mapa de la Facultad: https://defc.ugr.es/sites/serv/defc/public/inline-files/Mapa_Fciencias.pdf <https://defc.ugr.es/sites/serv/defc/public/inline-files/Mapa_Fciencias.pdf> > > Protocolo: > Se seguirá el protocolo COVID-19 de la facultad de ciencias https://fciencias.ugr.es/facultad/covid-19 <https://fciencias.ugr.es/facultad/covid-19> > El aforo es limitado: se dará prioridad a miembros de la UGR e investigadores que trabajen en la materia. > > Atentamente, > Jara Juana > >

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